Wednesday, March 13, 2013

Commonly used types of automotive sensors


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⑴ odometer sensor
Above the sensor in the differential or axle, to feel the number of turns, odometer sensor
Usually Hall, photoelectric two ways to detect the signal, the purpose of the use of the the Odometer count analysis to judge the car s driving speed and mileage,

because the axle and the wheel s angular velocity equal known radius o f the tire, directly through the inside

Process parameters to calculate. Design two bearings in the drive shaft, greatly reducing the running torque, reduced friction, enhanced service life; change original

dynamic detection signal to gear operation detection signal; originally Inline

Vertical gearbox changed the chamfer interface gearbox. The odometer sensor plugs are generally on the gearbox, some opened the hood and you can see, some

operating in the trench.
(2) Oil Pressure Sensor
Refers to the set of miniature sensors, actuators, and signal processing and control circuit, the interface circuit, the communication and power supply in one of the

micro-electromechanical systems. Commonly used silicon piezoresistive silicon capacitive, both of which are generated in the silicon micromachined electric

Sub sensor. General, through the oil pressure sensor to detect the automobile oil inwardly gasolin e how much, and the detected signal is converted into a signal that

we can understand, reminded us how much gasoline, or

You can also go far, even to remind car needs gasoline engine.
(3) Water Temperature Sensor
Its interior is a semiconductor thermistor, the lower the temperature, the greater the resistance; Conversely resistance is smaller, and is mounted in the engine cylinder

block or cylinder head of the water put in direct contact with cooling water. So that the side of the obtained temperature of the engine cooling water. Electronically

controlled single

Element according to this change the measured temperature of the engine cooling water, the lower the temperature, the greater the resistance; Conversely resistance

is smaller. Electronic control unit is measured according to this change of the engine cooling water temperature, the number of correction as the fuel injection and

ignition timing.

Simply means that we can understand the car is now running the state by the temperature of the engine water temperature, stop, or movement, or the movement of

time how long.
⑷ air flow sensor
  Air flow sensor
Its role is the size, detecting an engine intake air amount and the intake air quantity is converted into an electrical signal output, and sent to the ECU. We know that

the car traveling ignition ignition impulse forward, therefore, large inflatable amount

Small basis the ECU calculation automotive ignition when the ignition device requires the injection time and the amount of fuel injection and ignition timing. Its role is

to allow us to better car deceleration driving.
⑸ ABS sensor
The next brake piston calipers (card Discs, which is the brake piston) ABS work is to ensure that the brake piston and brake disc stuck, to ensure that they are in the

edge of the sliding friction and static friction. Mostly by inductive sensors to monitor

Speed, ABS sensors through the role of synchronous rotation of the ring gear with the wheels, to output a set of quasi-sinusoidal AC signal, the frequency and

amplitude of the wheel speed related. The output signals pass to the the ABS electric control unit (ECU) to achieve the wheel speed real-time

Monitoring.
⑹ airbag sensor
  Airbag sensor
Also known as a crash sensor in accordance with the different uses, divided into collision sensor and the safing sensor is triggered. Trigger collision type to for

acceleration change detect collisions, and the collision signal to the air bag computer, airbag computer touch

To signal; Protection collision with trigger collision type series for the prevent mistaken burst of air bag.
⑺ gas concentration sensor
Primarily used to detect gas and exhaust gas emissio ns of the car body. Among them, the most important is the oxygen sensor, which detects the oxygen content in

the automobile exhaust, measured according to the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas air-fuel ratio, and a feedback signal to the microcomputer control means

to control

The system of air-fuel ratio to converge to the theoretical value. When the air-fuel ratio becomes high, the increase in the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas

when the oxygen sensor output voltage decreases; When the air-fuel ratio becomes low, the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas is reduced, the output voltage

increases. An electronic control unit identifying

This mutant signal correction of the fuel injection quantity, so as to adjust the air-fuel ratio to changes in near stoichiometric.
⑻ position and speed sensorSensor Camshaft
Primar ily used to detect the engine crankshaft angle and engine speed, the degree of opening of the throttle valve, the vehicle speed detection, detection of vehicle

acceleration, vehicle deceleration detection signal to provide a reference point for the ignition timing and fuel injection timing, the same time, there is provided the

engine

Speed ​​signal. At present, the position and speed of the vehicle using the sensor main AC generator type, magnetoresistive, Hall-effect, a reed switch type, optical,

semiconductor magnetic transistor type.
(9) the speed sensor
Speed ​​sensor is an important sensor of electric vehicles, but also the application of more sensors. On its definition, the speed sensor is used to measure the speed

sensor, the divided speed sensor, a vehicle speed sensor, wheel speed

Sensors. Speed ​​sensor
The speed sensor is mainly used for the detection of the motor rota tion speed of the electric car. Currently, There are three common speed sensor, respectively

electromagnetic inductive speed sensor, speed sensor of photoelectric sensors, Hall-effect speed sensor

The non-contacting measuring principle, are used to enhance the detection of security, and to improve detection accuracy. [4]
The speed sensor is used to measure the speed of electric vehicle. The vehicle speed sensor signal is mainly used for dashboard speedometer and engine idling,

electric vehicles accelerated during the control. Speed ​​on the vast majority of electric vehicles in China

Tables are converted into automotive forum selection speed car speed tachometer. In the case of automotive brake, skidding, and the forum because of old and new,

friction, pavement, tire pressure level, etc. caused the outer peripheral changes will cause false

The difference is too large, and can not even work. Speed � ��​sensor electromagnetic inductive, photoelectric, variable reluctance type and Hall-style centralized.

Electromagnetic induction and Hall speed sensors are commonly used in electric vehicles.Cooling Temperature Sensor

Cooking pot also toxic? ─ ─ Teflon


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One morning I listen to phone messages, Conscious happened. First pass a message to would like to know, safe to continue to use Teflon floss? The second General Clauses asked how to safe handling Teflon cookware? The third pass comments like to know, continue wearing hats coated with Teflon is not safe? I did not spend much effort to identify these fears of Teflon, is triggered by the evening news program a few days ago. The news as the "the textile protector" story from. Let s take a look at this story.

Back in 1952, 3M Company young chemist Xia Erman (Patey Sherman, 1930 -) was ordered to develop a material to resist jet fuel corrosion properties. Commercial washers and tube touched this fuel will deteriorate rapidly and require frequent replacement. Xia Erman very understanding Teflon type of fluorinated polymers, know they have a good anti-chemical characteristics of this type of material therefore began to experiment, but the experiment has not been progress.

One day, Xia Erman Assistant accidentally drops in some compounds buy a new tennis shoes, the very baby a ssistant new pair of shoes, but discouraged, whether it is water or any solvent, no way the shoes on mark removed. Xia Erman paid great attention to the chemical resistance of this kind of thing, and immediately change the focus of the experiment. In 1956, Xia Erman and another 3M chemist Smith (Sam Smith) to develop a new product: "Scotland Yard protector" (Scotchgard Protector) successfully listed. Cloth treated with this kind of thing, carpet, furniture, textiles, waterproof, non-stick characteristics of the dirt, very magical.

New materials is a very wide range of applications in the market, the main raw material perfluorooctane sulfuric acid (C8HF17O3S, PFOS), to produce several million pounds per year is enough. In May 2000, contrary to all the unexpected, the 3M company suddenly announced the shutdown of perfluorooctane sulfuric acid. The company s chemists found that the new products will be degraded, release of PFOS. PFOS in the environment stub born save time, longer than previously thought. Researchers in the blood of the seals, dolphins, mink, bald eagle, are measured PFOS, despite a very small amount, but as people have been on tenterhooks.

More important figure, even people s blood, How can people 捏一把冷汗. Many years, 3M has been paying attention to the contact with the the PFOS staff of blood, measuring the content of chemicals, they believe that the PFOS ingested with excrement cleared vitro. But even as the blood samples of the control group, appear PFOS, some people will think: not all the blood has for PFOS? If (yes, that is the case), these things are and how went to the blood go?

The follow-up study pointed out that one-third of the substance sprayed on the fabric, is dissipated in the air, these last by humans and animals sucked into the body. With this discovery, and then think about this kind of thing is so widely used, from fast-food products, packaging boxes, tents pain t to furniture fabrics, not surprising how it will appear in our blood. Of course, even if what chemicals are in our blood, nor necessarily mean dangerous.

PFOS example is not quite the same study, mice and primates exposure in excess of PFOS under, there will be health concerns. Of the human body, PFOS has not caused any health concerns, 3M Company also insisted that the reason no longer in production, is based on the corporate responsibility of protecting the environment. The company may see hanging on the wall of the slogan, suddenly conscience, decided to take the initiative to take action by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency banned. Anyway, 3M Company has successfully found a lot of PFOS alternative products, although it still can not cover all of the previous product line. The main component of the new products is smaller molecules perfluorobutane sulfonate (C4F9SO3H), said no toxicity, and also less durable.

3M exit PFOS market, also disco ntinued the perfluorooctanoic acid (C8HF15O2, PFOA), this material is sold to other companies to manufacture Teflon, perfluorooctanoic acid and no appropriate alternatives. While 3M s withdrawal, DuPont was unmoved, still making a lot of of PFOA. , Like previous PFOS, PFOA in the environment everywhere, but the source is not so clear, and free of PFOA in Teflon products. Could be another short-chain fluorinated polymers do scouring agent, after the release of PFOA decomposition.hydraulic hose clamps

Before the news broadcast, the vast majority of people with PFOA never heard, let alone know that it is a hell of a. Arouse the attention of an unfortunate child, he was born on the eyes blind, only one nostril. The report pointed out that his mother during pregnancy had at the Teflon factory work, the inference little boy s deformity is exposed to PFOA caused. Born malformation is a common phenomeno n, no clear evidence before the inference that this association is very scientific. The show also describes Teflon heated above 290 ° C, releasing smoke toxic to birds to produce reversible "polymer fume heat will of the people. This does not mean, however, that in the case of normal use, Teflon floss, hats, and pots and pans, any risk to users.

The stubborn existence of PFOA in the environment is a topic yes, even the U.S. Environmental Protection Department also began to pay attention to this matter. But the investigation by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the use of Teflon cookware and your kitchen has nothing to do. Teflon pots simply follow the normal way, not used as a frying for a long time, are quite safe. No matter what, if you put the food is heated to 290 ° C, the note that toxic substances produced in the heating process, rather than Teflon cookware will release what. Teflon pots and pans to make your cooking process less oil, co ok food healthier.

Talking about this, almost lunch time, why not come to a stir-fried vegetables? Teflon pan. After dinner I might find the root Teflon dental floss to clean between the teeth. Of course, I also have a coating Teflon sports cap, I like to wear it to exercise.


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Cement mixers checks must be carried out before booting preparations


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We found that many users do not understand the correct operation processes mixer, this performance specification details in the course of operation, in this paper, Xiaobian to introduce some of the cement mixer before booting check ready to work, you first need to understand a premise equipment pose a problem: the common mixer by the barrel, rack, motor, reducer, rotating arm, stirring shovel, clear material blade.

 
Let s look at the specifications steps:reduction gearbox
        Shutdown: After the material in the tray to be put before the shut down more than expected in the clean-up disk.
        Boot: remove all material within the disc, empty and then start to turn on the power. The switch on the machine and listen for abnormal sounds, if not the next should be strictly in accordance with the provisions of feeding.
        Should be well prepared before starting work: check the cement mixer pan with debris and various parts of the bolt is loose. Lack reducer oil a dequacy, see whether the scraper loose the correct angle, power; leads for leakage.

        Zhengzhou Tianyi Machinery Company has an experienced, highly skilled research and development, sales force, with a comprehensive network of sales and service, customer service is flexible implementation of network sales, in addition to traditional sales service, to facilitate customers in the purchase consulting the mixer equipment before the construction phase of the plant is built, the company will send engineers and technicians to the scene venue for users planning to design the best program of factories.
right angle gearbox